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pm | | Ethical Hacking: Understanding the Basics (9th Sep 23 at 9:03am UTC) | | Ethical hacking, also known as penetration testing or white-hat hacking, is the practice of probing computer systems, networks, and applications for vulnerabilities, with the explicit permission of the owner, to identify and fix security weaknesses. Ethical hackers use the same techniques and tools as malicious hackers but with honorable intentions.
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Why is Ethical Hacking Important?
The digital landscape is rife with threats, ranging from cybercriminals attempting to steal sensitive data to nation-states launching sophisticated attacks. Ethical hackers serve as the first line of defense, helping organizations identify and rectify vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. Their efforts not only protect data but also safeguard an organization's reputation and financial stability.
Ethical Hacking Principles
Authorization: Ethical hackers must always obtain explicit permission from the system owner before testing for vulnerabilities. This step ensures that their actions are legal and ethical.
Use of Legal Tools: Ethical hackers use tools and techniques that are legal and authorized for security testing. They refrain from using malicious software or engaging in any activities that could cause harm.
Confidentiality: Respecting confidentiality is paramount. Ethical hackers should not disclose sensitive information obtained during their assessments unless authorized by the owner.
Integrity: Ethical hackers must maintain the integrity of the systems they test. This means they should not attempt to exploit vulnerabilities for personal gain or malicious purposes.
Documentation: Comprehensive documentation of the testing process, including findings and recommendations, is crucial. This helps organizations understand and address vulnerabilities effectively.
Steps in Ethical Hacking
Planning: The first step involves defining the scope of the assessment, setting objectives, and obtaining proper authorization from the client.
Reconnaissance: Ethical hackers gather information about the target system, such as IP addresses, domain names, and system architecture. This helps them understand the potential attack surface.
Scanning: Using tools and techniques, ethical hackers scan the target system for open ports, vulnerabilities, and weaknesses.
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Gaining Access: Once vulnerabilities are identified, ethical hackers attempt to exploit them to gain access to the system. This mimics the actions of a malicious attacker but with permission.
Maintaining Access: Ethical hackers work to maintain access and control over the system, simulating what a skilled attacker might do if they successfully breach security.
Covering Tracks: After completing the assessment, ethical hackers remove any traces of their presence from the system, ensuring that their activities are not detected.
Reporting: Finally, ethical hackers provide a detailed report to the client, outlining the vulnerabilities discovered, their potential impact, and recommendations for mitigation.
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Ethical Hacking Certifications
To become a certified ethical hacker, one can pursue certifications such as Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH), Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP), or Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP). These certifications provide formal recognition of an individual's skills and knowledge in the field of ethical hacking. | |
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